She is a Criminologist and Senior Lecturer at the Faculty of Law, Universiti Malaya. Admitted to the Malaysian Bar as an Advocate & Solicitor in 1997, she brings 21 years of extensive legal practice experience. She possesses vast experience in conducting qualitative research and interviews with crime victims and offenders. Her work focuses on critical criminal justice issues, including human trafficking, terrorism and violent extremism, incarceration, gender, human rights, and sexual violence, with a particular emphasis on vulnerable and marginalized populations.

She adopts an immersive, hands-on approach by engaging directly with victims of human trafficking, prisoners, former combatants, and returnees from conflict zones such as Syria and Afghanistan. Her research explores the prolonged harms of human trafficking, incarceration, victim-offender dynamics, and the reintegration challenges faced by former combatants and ideological prisoners in Malaysia. Recently, her research has expanded into the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the criminal justice system.

In recognition of her expertise in international criminal justice and human rights, she has recently been appointed as an Expert by the International Criminal Court (ICC) in the areas of Counter-Terrorism and Human Trafficking. She is the only Malaysian to be included in the ICC’s official List of Experts. In addition, she has been appointed by the Prime Minister’s Department (Law and Institutional Reforms) to lead the national research team tasked with incorporating, revising and amending the Malaysian Penal Code, Criminal Procedure Code, and Evidence Act.